Panic Attacks and Panic Disorders
Introduction
Panic attacks are severe states of fear triggered by no real danger at the time. When panic attacks occur, they are combined with an intense feeling of losing control, the victim usually mistaking the frightening experience for a heart attack or death.
In cases of recurring panic attacks, over a long period of time, followed by an intense fear of having another panic attack, these symptoms qualify for a medical condition called panic disorder.
Overview and Facts
According to studies done by IDRAAC, the lifetime prevalence of panic disorder is 0.5% so 1 in 200 Lebanese has the disorder. It is also known that women are more likely to develop this disorder.
Symptoms
Panic attacks strike without warning and at any time.
Panic attacks manifest with the following symptoms:
- Sense of impending doom or danger
- Fear of loss of control or death
- Rapid heart rate
- Sweating
- Trembling
- Shortness of breath
- Hyperventilation
- Chills
- Hot flashes
- Nausea
- Abdominal cramping
- Chest pain
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Faintness
- Tightness in your throat
- Trouble swallowing
The worst thing about this disorder it the constant fear of having another panic attack which may escalate into a disorder called agoraphobia, which is the fear of leaving ones house, due to the constant feeling of danger.
Causes and Risk Factors
Although it is unknown what exactly causes the panic attacks to occur, these events are likely to increase a risk of being victim to panic attacks or in severe cases panic attack disorder:
- Genetics
- Major stress
- Stress susceptible temperament
- History of family or childhood abuse
- Experiencing a traumatic event in during childhood years
Tests and Diagnosis
To diagnose panic attacks and panic disorder, a person should consult a mental health professional who will rely on scientific criteria to check whether he/she has that disorder. Blood tests and physical evaluation will be done to make sure that the symptoms are due to other causes.
Treatment
When treating panic attacks and panic attack disorders professionals usually resort to both psychotherapy and medications.
- Psychotherapy: mainly Cognitive Behavioral therapy.
- Medications: such as antidepressants and mild sedatives.
Sources and Links
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